Can someone tell me what a chiral compound is?
posted by:
Alfred
  • chi·ral Audio pronunciation of "chiral" ( P ) Pronunciation Key (krl)
    adj.

    Of or relating to the structural characteristic of a molecule that makes it impossible to superimpose it on its mirror image.


    [chir(o)- + -al1.]


    com·pound1 Audio pronunciation of "compound" ( P ) Pronunciation Key (km-pound, km-, kmpound)
    v. com·pound·ed, com·pound·ing, com·pounds
    v. tr.

    1. To combine so as to form a whole; mix.
    2. To produce or create by combining two or more ingredients or parts: pharmacists compounding prescriptions.

    v. intr.

    1. To combine in or form a compound.

    adj. (kmpound, km-pound, km-)

    1. Consisting of two or more substances, ingredients, elements, or parts.

    n. (kmpound)

    1. A combination of two or more elements or parts. See Synonyms at mixture.

    # Chemistry. A pure, macroscopically homogeneous substance consisting of atoms or ions of two or more different elements in definite proportions that cannot be separated by physical means. A compound usually has properties unlike those of its constituent elements.


    [Alteration of Middle English compounen, from Old French componre, compondre, to put together, from Latin compnere. See component.]


    com·pound (kmpound)
    n.

    1. A combination of two or more elements or parts.
    2. A pure, macroscopically homogeneous substance that consists of atoms or ions of different elements in definite proportions that cannot be separated by physical means, and that have properties unlike those of its constituent elements.

    adj. (kmpound, km-pound, km-)

    Consisting of two or more substances, ingredients, elements, or parts.

    v. com·pound·ed, com·pound·ing, com·pounds (km-pound, km-, kmpound)

    1. To combine so as to form a whole; mix.
    2. To produce or create by combining two or more ingredients or parts.


    Main Entry: 2com·pound
    Pronunciation: 'käm-"paund, käm-', k&m-'
    Function: adjective
    : composed of or resulting from union of separate elements, ingredients, or parts <a compound substance> <compound glands>


    Main Entry: 3com·pound
    Pronunciation: 'käm-"paund
    Function: noun
    : something formed by a union of elements or parts; specifically : a distinct substance formed by chemical union of two or more ingredients in definite proportion by weight


    Main Entry: 1com·pound
    Pronunciation: käm-'paund, k&m-', 'käm-"
    Function: transitive verb
    : to form by combining parts <compound a medicine>


    compound

    \Com*pound"\ (k[o^]m*pound"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Compounded; p. pr. & vb. n. Compounding.] [OE. componen, compounen, L. componere, compositum; com-+ ponere to put set. The d is excrescent. See Position, and cf. Compon['e].] 1. To form or make by combining different elements, ingredients, or parts; as, to compound a medicine.

    Incapacitating him from successfully compounding a tale of this sort. --Sir W. Scott.

    2. To put together, as elements, ingredients, or parts, in order to form a whole; to combine, mix, or unite.

    We have the power of altering and compounding those images into all the varieties of picture. --Addison.

    3. To modify or change by combination with some other thing or part; to mingle with something else.

    Only compound me with forgotten dust. --Shak.

    4. To compose; to constitute. [Obs.]

    His pomp and all what state compounds. --Shak.

    5. To settle amicably; to adjust by agreement; to compromise; to discharge from obligation upon terms different from those which were stipulated; as, to compound a debt.

    I pray, my lords, let me compound this strife. --Shak.

    To compound a felony, to accept of a consideration for forbearing to prosecute, such compounding being an indictable offense. See Theftbote.


    compound

    \Com"pound\, a. [OE. compouned, p. p. of compounen. See Compound, v. t.] Composed of two or more elements, ingredients, parts; produced by the union of several ingredients, parts, or things; composite; as, a compound word.

    Compound substances are made up of two or more simple substances. --I. Watts.


    compound

    \Com"pound\, n. 1. That which is compounded or formed by the union or mixture of elements ingredients, or parts; a combination of simples; a compound word; the result of composition. --Shak.

    Rare compound of oddity, frolic, and fun. --Goldsmith.

    When the word ``bishopric'' was first made, it was made as a compound. --Earle.

    2. (Chem.) A union of two or more ingredients in definite proportions by weight, so combined as to form a distinct substance; as, water is a compound of oxygen and hydrogen.

    Note: Every definite chemical compound always contains the same elements, united in the same proportions by weight, and with the same internal arrangement.


    compound

    adj 1: of leaf shapes; of leaves composed of several similar parts or lobes [ant: simple] 2: consisting of two or more substances or ingredients or elements or parts; "soap is a compound substance"; "housetop is a compound word"; "a blackberry is a compound fruit" 3: composed of many distinct individuals united to form a whole or colony; "coral is a colonial organism" [syn: colonial] n 1: (chemistry) a substance formed by chemical union of two or more elements or ingredients in definite proportion by weight [syn: chemical compound] 2: a whole formed by a union of two or more elements or parts 3: an enclosure of residences and other building (especially in the Orient) v 1: make more intense, stronger, or more marked; "The efforts were intensified", "Her rudeness intensified his dislike for her"; "Potsmokers claim it heightens their awareness"; "This event only deepened my convictions" [syn: intensify, heighten, deepen] 2: put or add together; "combine resources" [syn: combine] 3: calculate principal and interest 4: create by mixing or combining 5: combine so as to form a whole; mix; "compound the ingredients" [syn: combine]

    • Yah, see, if you want to relate it to the concept of prescription drug use (or otherwise), the compound Adderall is an admixture of Dextro-Amphetamine with Levo-Amphetamine -- right and left handed versions of speed.

      Chirality occurs, primarily in organic chemistry, when you have any atom with four or more covalent bonds to heterogenous atoms. If you model a standard carbon atom's bonds as a caltrop with a 120-degree bond angle, convention suggest that you should point the least electronegative bond "down" (or away from the observer) such that the other three bonds and presented to the observer. If the other three bonds on the carbon were connected to functional groups A, B, and C (or, more properly, R, R', and R''), then it should be quickly clear that you can arrange the alphabetical order of your functional groups either clockwise (Dextro-) or counterclockwise (Levo-). This causes, as our dear Mya informs us, it to be impossible to superimpose the D- form onto its mirror image, the L- form.

      In most bio-assays, the L- chiral form of the compound is much more reactive than the D-. As always, this can be considered a good or bad thing, depending primarily on your particular neurochemical context.

      mig

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